> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://923992029.gitbook.io/cpucode/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://923992029.gitbook.io/cpucode/ubuntu/use_ubuntu.md).

# 使用ubuntu

![Nnpxmj.png](https://s1.ax1x.com/2020/06/18/Nnpxmj.png)

## 安装ubuntu

ubuntu的镜像 :

<http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu-releases/>

![image-20200730164412170](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730164412.png)

![image-20200730164453553](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730164453.png)

进入 vmware

<https://www.vmware.com/products/workstation-player/workstation-player-evaluation.html>

![image-20200730164733336](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730164827.png)

点击 创建

![image-20200730141335265](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730141335.png)

浏览 找到 系统镜像文件, 我把它放在了 vmware文件下

![image-20200730141419907](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730141419.png)

设置好信息 , 记住好密码 每次开机都要输入

![image-20200730141530945](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730141530.png)

解压在那 设置好位置, 我设在 vmware 下创建了一个文件下

![image-20200730141618328](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730141618.png)

默认即可

![image-20200730141658591](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730141658.png)

默认即可

![image-20200730141719673](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730141719.png)

正在安装中, 时间比较久, 准备好咖啡 , 谈谈心

![image-20200730141159390](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730141159.png)

输入设置好的密码

![image-20200730141815631](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730141815.png)

## 换源

进来的第一件事就是**换源,** 我准备换 阿里源 , 点击那个9点

![image-20200730141958236](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730141958.png)

点 server for united states

![image-20200730142123770](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730142123.png)

点击 other 其他

![image-20200730142257136](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730142257.png)

找到 china

![image-20200730142359620](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730142359.png)

输入密码

![image-20200730142432286](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730142432.png)

点 X 就可以了

![image-20200730142459685](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730142459.png)

点 关闭 close

![image-20200730142537825](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730142537.png)

打开终端

![image-20200730142621049](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730142621.png)

进行更新源

```bash
sudo apt-get update
```

![image-20200730142709783](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730142709.png)

## ubuntu设置语言

点 manage installed languages 在进入 language support 点击 install

![image-20200730143040751](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730143040.png)

点击 install/remove languages 里面找到 chinese

![image-20200730143200178](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730143200.png)

勾选 点击 apply

![image-20200730143217832](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730143217.png)

正在下载语言 , 喝口82年咖啡 , 等待

![image-20200730100557569](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730100557.png)

下翻, 找到中国 用鼠标拖到最前面

![image-20200730143451380](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730143451.png)

点击 apply system-wide

![image-20200730143604074](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730143604.png)

点击 中国 然后 点 apply system-wide , 关闭即可

![image-20200730143643401](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730143643.png)

进入终端 重启

```bash
sudo reboot
```

![image-20200730143803567](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730143803.png)

重新进入系统 , 建议保留旧名

![image-20200730143903210](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730143903.png)

### 下载 NFS 服务

```bash
sudo apt-get update
```

```bash
sudo apt-get install nfs-kernel-server rpcbind
```

![image-20200730101401834](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730101401.png)

### 下载SSH服务

```bash
sudo apt-get install openssh-server
```

![image-20200730101500815](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730101500.png)

### 下载 vim 编辑软件

```bash
sudo apt-get install vim
```

![image-20200730102008031](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730102008.png)

设置 vim 参数

```bash
sudo vim /etc/vim/vimrc
```

![image-20200730104338664](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730104338.png)

```
" 行号
set number
" 高亮
syntax on
" 底部显示
set showmode
" 编码
set encoding=utf-8
" 鼠标
set mouse=a
" tab = 4
set tabstop=4
```

![image-20200730104411362](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730104411.png)

### 下载 网络工具

```bash
sudo apt install net-tools
```

![image-20200730160626629](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730160626.png)

查看本机ip

```bash
ifconfig
```

![image-20200730160707963](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730160708.png)

## window10 下 操作

### 通过`xshell6`进行连接

软件可自行 google , 这个软件收费, 具体收不收费, 看你的大显神通了 , 点到为止

点击文件 , 点击新建

![image-20200730161120046](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730161120.png)

设置名字, 把查到的 ip 填在 主机

![image-20200730160817133](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730160817.png)

点击 用户身份验证

输入ubuntu 的用户名

密码

点击连接

![image-20200730160837784](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730160837.png)

成功就会出现这个弹窗, 点击 接受并保存

![image-20200730160903922](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730160903.png)

![image-20200730161328042](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730161328.png)

### 搭建 文件传输

点击 绿色 图标

![image-20200730161353569](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730161353.png)

点击取消, 就可以自动弹出

![image-20200730161448097](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730161448.png)

查看 命令解释

```bash
help
```

介绍常用的命令

把 本地数据 上传到 虚拟机

```bash
put
```

把 虚拟机的数据 下载到 本地

```bash
get
```

![image-20200730161524257](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730161524.png)

​

### 下载交叉编译

<https://releases.linaro.org/components/toolchain/binaries/latest-7/arm-linux-gnueabihf/>

![image-20200730163112883](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730163112.png)

我把它下载到了本地桌面上了

打印本地位置

```bash
lpwd
```

切换本地目录

```bash
lcd
```

打印 虚拟机 文件

```bash
ls
```

![image-20200730161823031](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730161823.png)

切换虚拟机目录

```bash
cd cpucode/tools/
```

打印 虚拟机 文件

```bash
ls
```

把本地的 交叉编译器文件 上传到 虚拟机

```bash
put gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf.tar.xz
```

![image-20200730161929285](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730161929.png)

查看文件

```bash
ls
```

![image-20200730162747864](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730162747.png)

## 添加交叉编译器

创建目录： /usr/local/arm

```bash
sudo mkdir /usr/local/arm
```

把交叉编译器复制到/usr/local/arm 中

```bash
sudo cp gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf.tar.xz /usr/local/arm/ -f
```

进入到 /usr/local/arm 目录

```bash
cd /usr/local/arm/
```

对交叉编译工具进行解压

```bash
sudo tar -vxf gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf.tar.xz
```

查看交叉编译器的路径

```bash
cd gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/bin/
```

```bash
pwd
```

![image-20200730102135075](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730102135.png)

修改环境变量，使用 VIM 打开/etc/profile 文件

```bash
sudo vim /etc/profile
```

![image-20200730102427600](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730102427.png)

添加交叉编译的路径 :

```
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/arm/gcc-linaro-7.5.0-2019.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/bin
```

![image-20200730102410909](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730102411.png)

下载需要的库:

```bash
sudo apt-get install lsb-core lib32stdc++6
```

![image-20200730102551073](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730102551.png)

重启

```bash
sudo reboot
```

![image-20200730102713949](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730102713.png)

查看交叉编译器

```bash
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -v
```

![image-20200730102809714](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730102809.png)

测试交叉编译器

写 test.c 程序

```bash
vim test.c
```

```bash
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc test.c
```

![image-20200730104447743](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730104447.png)

查看文件属性

```bash
file a.out
```

![image-20200730104257384](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730104257.png)

## 添加 qemu

### 安装KVM

安装kvm加速qemu运行，在终端下执行如下命令：

更新源 :

```bash
sudo apt-get update
```

安装 kvm :

```bash
sudo apt-get install qemu qemu-kvm libvirt-bin bridge-utils virt-manager
```

![image-20200730160235343](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730160235.png)

### 添加 git 工具

![image-20200730145352905](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730145352.png)

添加 韦东山老师的 qemu 的软件

```bash
git  clone  https://e.coding.net/weidongshan/ubuntu-18.04_imx6ul_qemu_system.git
```

然后等待, 继续喝一口82年咖啡

![image-20200730145446613](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730145446.png)

可以看看使用教程qemu的

<http://wiki.100ask.org/Qemu>

```bash
./install_sdl.sh
```

![image-20200730145812647](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730145812.png)

```bash
./qemu-imx6ull-gui.sh
```

![image-20200730150843317](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730150843.png)

```bash
root
```

![image-20200730151021668](https://gitee.com/cpu_code/picture_bed/raw/master//20200730151021.png)

> * @Author: cpu\_code
> * @Date: 2020-07-29 21:15:11
> * @LastEditTime: 2020-07-30 16:52:19
> * @FilePath: \notes\ubuntu\use\_ubuntu.md
> * @Gitee: <https://gitee.com/cpu_code>
> * @Github: <https://github.com/CPU-Code>
> * @CSDN: <https://blog.csdn.net/qq_44226094>
> * @Gitbook: <https://923992029.gitbook.io/cpucode/>